Bacterial Diseases of Plants in Nepal: A Review

Bacterial diseases are the important disease next to the fungal diseases in Nepal. In Nepal, major bacterial diseases are Bacterial leaf blight of rice (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae), Bacterial wilt of potato and tomato (Ralstonia solanacearum), Citrus greening (Candiditus liberibacter), Citrus canker (Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri), Soft rot of potato (Erwinia carotovora pv. atroseptica) and Black rot of crucifers (Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) as they are prevailed in most of areas and cause the devastating losses. Others are the minor diseases with less economic importance which includes Bacterial stalk of maize (Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae), bacterial postulates of soybean (Xanthomonas campestris pv phaseoli), Potato scab (Steptomyces scabies). Some of the minor diseases like Stewart’s wilt of corn (Pantoea stewartii), Bacterial speck of tomato (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato), Bacterial spot of tomato (Xanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoria), Bacterial sheath rot of wheat (Pseudomonas fuscovagitlcae), Crown gall (Agrobacterium tumefaciens), Bacterial leaf strip (Xanthomonas rubrilineans) and Bacterial spots of pumpkin (Xanthomonas cucurbitae) are recorded in Nepal.